4.1 Equipment selection

Equipment selection plays a very important role in the correct use of emergency shower and eyewash equipment to ensure that it plays an emergency rescue role. If unsuitable equipment is selected, it will not only fail to play a rescue role, but may also cause secondary injury to the injured. Therefore, GB/T 38144.2-2019 gives the basic principles of equipment selection and equipment selection guidance under special conditions.

(1) Basic principles

——The type should be selected according to the place of use and the environment of use.

——In areas with a fixed water supply system, fixed emergency shower and eyewash equipment should be used. In areas restricted by the on-site environment or water sources, self-contained emergency equipment should be used.

——In areas with a high degree of hazard, in addition to emergency shower and eyewash equipment, it is recommended to properly equip personal flushing devices.

(2) Special conditions

——In areas where the ambient temperature is higher than 38°C, emergency shower and eyewash equipment with high temperature protection devices should be selected, or appropriate cooling and heat preservation treatment should be performed on the equipment (such as self-draining devices, or equipped with anti-scalding devices). protection valve);

——In the environment where the flushing fluid is frozen or frozen for a long time, emergency spraying and eyewash equipment with antifreeze protection should be selected, or appropriate heat preservation and heat tracing heat preservation treatment should be carried out for the equipment (such as self-draining device, antifreeze protection valve) , electric heat tracing).

It should be noted that no matter which antifreeze protection measures are adopted, the most important thing is that the temperature of the flushing liquid in the equipment does not exceed 38 ℃.

4.2 Installation and Commissioning

Emergency shower and eyewash equipment can only play an emergency rescue role for the injured after it is installed in the correct location and area and debugged. Therefore, taking into account the technical requirements of Part 1 and factors such as the travel speed and rescue time of personnel in the event of injury, GB/T 38144.2-2019 provides guidelines for equipment installation and commissioning steps. Key elements of this include:

(1) Regional layout

The emergency shower and eyewash equipment should be installed in an area that can be reached by the operator within 10 s, and be on the same plane as the area where danger may occur. At the same time, it is necessary to consider avoiding obstacles in the route to the equipment. Under normal circumstances, when a person walks at a normal pace, an average of 15 m can be walked in 10 s.

(2) Rinse fluid temperature

The suitable temperature range of the flushing fluid at the water inlet of emergency spray and eyewash equipment is 16 ℃ ~ 38 ℃.

(3) Warning alarm

There should be highly visible and obvious warning signs within the scope of use of emergency shower and eyewash equipment, and there should be good lighting conditions nearby.

Considering that the alarm device can make the emergency equipment alarm to the relevant security department in time for rescue in some areas with few people or remote areas, the user can request to install the sound and light alarm device on the emergency equipment spray and eyewash equipment.

4.3 Training, safety and maintenance

In order to ensure the personal safety of employees and play the emergency rescue role of emergency shower and eyewash equipment, special emphasis should be placed on training, safety, and use and maintenance. Therefore, GB/T 38144.2-2019 provides guidelines for the use, maintenance, personnel training, and safety precautions of emergency shower and eyewash equipment. Key elements of this include:

(1) It is recommended to perform operation inspection and maintenance of emergency spray and eyewash equipment at least once a week and record it, supplement the flushing fluid, clean and remove the sediment in the flushing fluid, and reduce the bacterial contamination of the equipment due to long-term water storage. .

(2) For self-contained emergency equipment, the flushing fluid should be replaced regularly to ensure that the hygienic requirements of the flushing fluid are met.

(3) For employees who may be exposed to harmful substances, it is necessary to ensure that they master the location and correct use of emergency shower and eyewash equipment. Before new employees enter the workplace, training on the use of emergency shower and eyewash equipment is required.

(4) First-aid training for employees is required before the emergency shower and eye-washing equipment is installed and put into use, and after that, first-aid training should be conducted every six months.

(5) It is recommended to collect and treat the waste water after the use of emergency spraying and eyewash equipment to avoid direct discharge to the work site to cause pollution

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references:

[1] Guo Dehua. Standard research on emergency shower and eyewash equipment in my country. Standard Science, 2017 (11).

[2] GB/T 38144.1-2019 “Eye and Face Protection Emergency Spray and Eye Wash Equipment Part 1: Technical Requirements”.

[3] GB/T 38144.2-2019 “Eye and Face Protection Emergency Spray and Eye Wash Equipment-Part 2: Guidelines for Use”.

[4] Guo Dehua. Interpretation of the National Standard for “Emergency Spray and Eyewash Equipment”. Personal Protective Equipment, 2020 (6).

American Institute of Standardization Institute for Standardization of Public Safety